JEE Main Syllabus for Physics 2025-2026 – Physics is one of the most important subjects for JEE Main. If you are planning to appear in the JEE Mains 2025 or 2026 exam, you should prepare as per the topic wise syllabus for JEE Main Physics to score good marks in the Physics section.
The JEE Main Physics syllabus will apply to both the JEE Main attempts.
| Join the best Preparation Course for JEE Main based on the latest Chemistry, Mathematics, and Physics syllabus. |
| Complete preparations to score 99.50+ percentile in the JEE Main exam. |
| Prepare with chapter-wise JEE level question bank and test series. |
| Get all your doubts cleared instantly. |
| You can revise any concept with just a click. |
| Prepare for your Rank in JEE Main now! |
JEE Main Syllabus for Physics
JEE Main Physics Syllabus consists of two sections with a total of 20 units. The Physics section of the JEE Main 2025 and 2026 exams will primarily focus on testing the application skills of the JEE Main aspirants.
Paper 1 – Physics for Section A: Physics Theory portion
The Physics theory portion generally has a weightage of 80%, i.e., questions of approx. 80 marks are likely to be asked from the theory portion. Below is the syllabus for the Physics theory section of the JEE Main 2025 and 2026 examinations.
UNIT 1: Physics and Measurement
Units of measurements, System of Units, SI units, Fundamental and derived units. Least count, significant figure, errors in measurement, dimensions of Physics quantities, dimensional analysis and its applications.
UNIT 2: Kinematics
Frame of reference. Motion in a straight line: Speed and velocity. Uniform and non-uniform motion, average speed and instantaneous velocity. Uniformly accelerated motion, velocity-time, position-time graphs, relations for uniformly accelerated motion. Relative Velocity, Motion in a plane, Projectile Motion, Uniform Circular Motion.
UNIT 3: Laws of Motion
- Force and Inertia, Newton’s First Law of motion; Momentum, Newton’s Second Law of motion; Impulses; Newton’s Third Law of motion. Law of conservation of linear momentum and its applications, equilibrium of concurrent forces.
- Static and Kinetic friction, laws of friction, rolling friction.
- Dynamics of uniform circular motion: Centripetal force and its applications. Vehicle on a level circular road, vehicle on a banked road.
UNIT 4: Work, Energy and Power
- Work done by a constant force and a variable force; kinetic and potential energies, work energy theorem, power.
- Potential energy of a spring, conservation of mechanical energy, conservative and nonconservative forces, motion in a vertical circle. Elastic and inelastic collisions in one and two dimensions.
UNIT 5: Rotational Motion
Centre of mass of a two-particle system, centre of mass of a rigid body, basic concepts of rotational motion; moment of a force, torque, angular momentum, conservation of angular momentum and its applications.
The moment of inertia, radius of gyration. Values of moments of inertia for simple geometrical objects, parallel and perpendicular axes theorems and their applications. Equilibrium of rigid bodies, rigid body rotation and equation of rotational motion, comparison of linear and rotational motions
UNIT 6: Gravitation
The universal law of gravitation. Acceleration due to gravity and its variation with altitude and depth. Kepler’s laws of planetary motion. Gravitational potential energy; gravitational potential. Escape velocity. Motion of a satellite, orbital velocity, time period, and energy of satellite.
UNIT 7: Properties of Solids and Liquids
Elastic behaviour, stress-strain relationship, hooke’s Law, young’s modulus, bulk modulus, modulus of rigidity. Pressure due to a fluid column; Pascal’s law and its applications. Effect of gravity on fluid pressure
Viscosity, Stokes’ law, terminal velocity, streamline and turbulent flow, critical velocity, Bernoulli’s principle and its applications.
Surface energy and surface tension, angle of contact, excess of pressure across a curved surface, application of surface tension – drops, bubbles and capillary rise. Heat, temperature, thermal expansion; specific heat capacity, calorimetry; change of state, latent heat. Heat transfer; conduction, convection and radiation.
UNIT 8: Thermodynamics
Thermal equilibrium and the concept of temperature, zeroth law of thermodynamics. Heat, work and internal energy. First law of thermodynamics, isothermal and adiabatic processes.
Second law of thermodynamics: reversible and irreversible processes.
UNIT 9: Kinetic Theory of Gases
Equation of state of a perfect gas, work done on compressing a gas. Kinetic theory of gases – assumptions, concept of pressure. Kinetic interpretation of temperature: RMS speed of gas molecules; degrees of freedom, law of equipartition of energy, applications to specific heat capacities of gases; mean free path, Avogadro’s number.
UNIT 10: Oscillations and Waves
Oscillation and Periodic motion – time period, frequency, displacement as a function of time. Periodic functions. Simple harmonic motion (S.H.M.) and its equation; phase; oscillations of a spring -restoring force and force constant; energy in S.H.M. – kinetic and potential energies; Simple pendulum – derivation of expression for its time period.
Wave motion. Longitudinal and transverse waves, speed of the travelling wave. Displacement relation for a progressive wave. Principle of superposition of waves, reflection of waves, standing waves in strings and organ pipes, fundamental mode and harmonics, beats.
UNIT 11: Electrostatics
Electric charges: Conservation of charge, Coulomb’s law-forces between two point charges, forces between multiple charges; superposition principle and continuous charge distribution.
Electric field: Electric field due to a point charge, electric field lines, Electric dipole, electric field due to a dipole, torque on a dipole in a uniform electric field.
Electric flux, Gauss’s law and its applications to find field due to infinitely long uniformly charged straight wire, uniformly charged infinite plane sheet and uniformly charged thin spherical shell. Electric potential and its calculation for a point charge, electric dipole and system of charges; potential difference, equipotential surfaces, electrical potential energy of a system of two point charges in an electrostatic field.
Conductors and insulators, Dielectrics and electric polarization, capacitors and capacitances, the combination of capacitors in series and in parallel, capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor with and without dielectric medium between the plates, energy stored in a capacitor.
UNIT 12: Current Electricity
Electric current, Drift velocity, mobility and their relation with electric current. Ohm’s law, electrical resistance, I-V characteristics of Ohmic and non-ohmic conductors, electrical energy and power, electrical resistivity and conductivity, series and parallel combinations of resistors; temperature dependence of resistance.
Internal resistance, potential difference and emf of a cell, combination of cells in series and in parallel. Kirchhoff’s laws and their applications. Wheatstone bridge, metre bridge.
UNIT 13: Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism
Biot – Savart law and its application to current carrying circular loop. Ampere’s law and its applications to infinitely long current carrying straight wire and solenoid. Force on a moving charge in uniform magnetic and electric fields.
Force on a current-carrying conductor in a uniform magnetic field. Force between two parallel current-carrying conductors-definition of ampere. Torque experienced by a current loop in uniform magnetic field; moving coil galvanometer, its current sensitivity and conversion to ammeter and voltmeter.
Current loop as a magnetic dipole and its magnetic dipole moment. Bar magnet as an equivalent solenoid, magnetic field lines; Magnetic field due to a magnetic dipole (bar magnet) along its axis and perpendicular to its axis. Torque on a magnetic dipole in a uniform magnetic field. Para-, dia- and ferro- magnetic substances with examples, the effect of temperature on magnetic properties.
UNIT 14: Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Currents
Electromagnetic induction; Faraday’s law, induced emf and current; Lenz’s Law, eddy currents. Self and mutual inductance. Alternating currents, peak and RMS value of alternating current/ voltage; reactance and impedance; LCR series circuit, resonance; power in AC circuits, wattless current. AC generator and transformer.
UNIT 15: Electromagnetic Waves
Displacement current. Electromagnetic waves and their characteristics. Transverse nature of electromagnetic waves.
Electromagnetic spectrum (radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, X-rays, gamma rays). Applications of e.m. waves.
UNIT 16: Optics
Reflection of light spherical mirrors, mirror formula. Refraction of light at plane and spherical surfaces, thin lens formula, and lens maker formula. Total internal reflection and its applications, magnification, power of a Lens, combination of thin lenses in contact, Refraction of light through Prism. Microscope and astronomical Telescope (reflecting and refracting) and their magnifying powers.
Wave optics: wavefront and Huygens’ principle, Laws of reflection and refraction using Huygens’ principle. Interference, Young’s double slit experiment and expression for fringe width, coherent sources and sustained interference of light. Diffraction due to a single slit, width of central maximum. Polarisation, plane polarized light; Brewster’s law, uses of plane polarized light and Polaroids.
UNIT 17: Dual Nature of Matter and Radiation
Dual nature of radiation. Photoelectric effect, Hertz and Lenard’s observations; Einstein’s photoelectric equation; particle nature of light. Matter waves-wave nature of particle, de Broglie relation. Davisson-Germer experiment.
UNIT 18: Atoms and Nuclei
Alpha-particle scattering experiment; Rutherford’s model of atom; Bohr model, energy levels, hydrogen spectrum. Composition and size of nucleus, atomic masses. Mass-energy relation, mass defect; binding energy per nucleon and its variation with mass number, nuclear fission and fusion.
UNIT 19: Electronic Devices
Semiconductors; semiconductor diode: I-V characteristics in forward and reverse bias; diode as a rectifier; I-V characteristics of LED, photodiode, solar cell and Zener diode; Zener diode as a voltage regulator. Logic gates (OR, AND, NOT, NAND and NOR)
Unit 20: Experimental Skills consisting of the following
Familiarity with the basic approach and observations of the experiments and activities:
- Vernier callipers – its use to measure internal and external diameter and depth of a vessel.
- Screw gauge – its use to determine thickness/diameter of thin sheet/wire.
- Simple Pendulum – dissipation of energy by plotting a graph between square of amplitude and time.
- Metre Scale – mass of a given object by principle of moments.
- Young’s modulus of elasticity of the material of a metallic wire.
- Surface tension of water by capillary rise and effect of detergents.
- Co-efficient of Viscosity of a given viscous liquid by measuring terminal velocity of a given spherical body.
- Speed of sound in air at room temperature using a resonance tube.
- Specific heat capacity of a given (i) solid and (ii) liquid by method of mixtures.
- Resistivity of the material of a given wire using metre bridge.
- Resistance of a given wire using Ohm’s law.
- Resistance and figure of merit of a galvanometer by half deflection method.
- Focal length of:
- Convex mirror
- Concave mirror
- Convex lens; using parallax method.
- Plot of angle of deviation vs angle of incidence for a triangular prism.
- Refractive index of a glass slab using a travelling microscope.
- Characteristic curves of a p-n junction diode in forward and reverse bias.
- Characteristic curves of a Zener diode and finding reverse break down voltage.
- Identification of Diode, LED, Transistor, IC, Resistor, Capacitor from mixed collection of such items.
JEE Main Physics Syllabus Analysis as per previous years
JEE Main Physics is one of the most difficult topics to prepare for JEE Main exam. We have analysed the previous year papers for JEE Main and suggest you practice the below important chapters for the upcoming JEE Main Exam.
| Physics Chapters | Average number of questions from the chapter | Approx. weightage of the chapter |
| Modern Physics | 5 | 15.9% |
| Heat & Thermodynamics | 3 | 9.9% |
| Current Electricity | 3 | 9.9% |
| Electrostatics | 3 | 9.9% |
| Magnetics | 2 | 6.6% |
| Optics | 3 | 9.9% |
| Unit Dimension & Vector | 1 | 3.3% |
| Kinematics | 1 | 3.3% |
| Laws of Motion | 1 | 3.3% |
| Work, Energy & Power | 1 | 3.3% |
| Centre of Mass, Impulse & Momentum | 1 | 3.3% |
| Rotation | 1 | 3.3% |
| Gravitation | 1 | 3.3% |
| Simple Harmonic Motion | 1 | 3.3% |
| Solids & Fluids | 1 | 3.3% |
| Waves | 1 | 3.3% |
| Electromagnetic Induction | 1 | 3.3% |
While you should study all the topics and chapters as per the JEE Main Physics Syllabus, you should spend additional time and effort on practicing questions on the above important JEE Main topics as per the latest JEE Main Syllabus for Physics. Read the complete analysis of JEE Main Physics section of the previous year papers here.
Read the complete syllabus for JEE Main in the links below: